Gardening - Wikipedia. Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.
In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use. Gardening is considered to be a relaxing activity for many people. Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside. Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.
Medieval Garden Ideas. Garden styles go in and out of vogue, but one style of garden that has remained popular for hundreds of years is the medieval style of gardening. Medieval gardens supplied the majority of food and me. This is how Medieval England was organized Tools. The medieval women wore flowing gowns which were. Axe,Bow and Arrow are example of tools that the soldiers used.Sythe and Sickel are types of gardening tools that. List of Medieval Garden Ground Cover. The term 'ground cover' wasn't one medieval gardeners were known use. Regional Gardening; Tools & Elements; Plant Dictionary.
- Recommended Gardening Tools. My Favorites; Tool Reviews; Book Reviews. North Coast Gardening - Gardening in the Pacific Northwest. Medieval Medlars: Get to Know and Grow this Unusual Fruit. May 8, 2016 by Genevieve 4.
- Selected Tools for Research in the Western Middle Ages (c.1000-1500) Suzanna Simor. Queens College, City University of New York. Popular medieval book on the life of Christ; much of the narrative not in.
It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor- intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry. History. In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.
Eventually foreign species were also selected and incorporated into the gardens. Egyptian tomb paintings from around 1. BC provide some of the earliest physical evidence of ornamental horticulture and landscape design; they depict lotus ponds surrounded by symmetrical rows of acacias and palms.
A notable example of ancient ornamental gardens were the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Egyptians associated trees and gardens with gods as they believed that their deities were pleased by gardens. Gardens in ancient Egypt were often surrounded by walls with trees planted in rows.
Among the most popular species planted were date palms, sycamores, fir trees, nut trees, and willows. These gardens were a sign of higher socioeconomic status. In addition, wealthy ancient Egyptians grew vineyards, as wine was a sign of the higher social classes.
Roses, poppies, daisies and irises could all also be found in the gardens of the Egyptians. Assyria was also renowned for its beautiful gardens. These tended to be wide and large, some of them used for hunting game. Cypresses and palms were some of the most frequently planted types of trees.
Ancient Roman gardens were laid out with hedges and vines and contained a wide variety of flowers. Flower beds were popular in the courtyards of rich Romans. The Middle Ages. After the fall of Rome, gardening was done for the purpose of growing medicinal herbs and/or decorating church altars. Monasteries carried on a tradition of garden design and intense horticultural techniques during the medieval period in Europe.
Generally, monastic garden types consisted of kitchen gardens, infirmary gardens, cemetery orchards, cloister garths and vineyards. Individual monasteries might also have had a . Commonly, the center of the garden would have a pool or pavilion. Specific to the Islamic gardens are the mosaics and glazed tiles used to decorate the rills and fountains that were built in these gardens.
By the late 1. 3th century, rich Europeans began to grow gardens for leisure and for medicinal herbs and vegetables. During the next two centuries, Europeans started planting lawns and raising flowerbeds and trellises of roses. Fruit trees were common in these gardens and also in some, there were turf seats. At the same time, the gardens in the monasteries were a place to grow flowers and medicinal herbs but they were also a space where the monks could enjoy nature and relax.
The gardens in the 1. Most of these gardens were built around a central axis and they were divided into different parts by hedges. Commonly, gardens had flowerbeds laid out in squares and separated by gravel paths. Gardens in Renaissance were adorned with sculptures, topiary and fountains. In the 1. 7th century, knot gardens became popular along with the hedge mazes. By this time, Europeans started planting new flowers such as tulips, marigolds and sunflowers. Cottage gardens. Farm workers were provided with cottages that had architectural quality set in a small garden.
The peasant cottager of medieval times was more interested in meat than flowers, with herbs grown for medicinal use rather than for their beauty. By Elizabethan times there was more prosperity, and thus more room to grow flowers. Even the early cottage garden flowers typically had their practical use. Others, such as sweet william and hollyhocks, were grown entirely for their beauty. This style of smooth undulating grass, which would run straight to the house, clumps, belts and scattering of trees and his serpentine lakes formed by invisibly damming small rivers, were a new style within the English landscape, a . The English garden usually included a lake, lawns set against groves of trees, and often contained shrubberies, grottoes, pavilions, bridges and follies such as mock temples, Gothic ruins, bridges, and other picturesque architecture, designed to recreate an idyllic pastoral landscape. This new style emerged in England in the early 1.
Europe, replacing the more formal, symmetrical Garden . They were often inspired by paintings of landscapes by Claude Lorraine and Nicolas Poussin, and some were Influenced by the classic Chinese gardens of the East. Also, in 1. 80. 4 the Horticultural Society was formed. Gardens of the 1.
Chile pine. This is also the time when the so- called . These gardens displayed a wide variety of flowers in a rather small space. Rock gardens increased in popularity in the 1. Residential gardening takes place near the home, in a space referred to as the garden. Although a garden typically is located on the land near a residence, it may also be located on a roof, in an atrium, on a balcony, in a windowbox, or on a patio or vivarium. Gardening also takes place in non- residential green areas, such as parks, public or semi- public gardens (botanical gardens or zoological gardens), amusement and amusement parks, along transportation corridors, and around tourist attractions and garden hotels.
In these situations, a staff of gardeners or groundskeepers maintains the gardens. Indoor gardening is concerned with the growing of houseplants within a residence or building, in a conservatory, or in a greenhouse.
Indoor gardens are sometimes incorporated as part of air conditioning or heating systems. Indoor gardening extends the growing season in the fall and spring and can be used for winter gardening. Native plant gardening is concerned with the use of native plants with or without the intent of creating wildlife habitat. The goal is to create a garden in harmony with, and adapted to a given area. This type of gardening typically reduces water usage, maintenance, and fertilization costs, while increasing native faunal interest.
Water gardening is concerned with growing plants adapted to pools and ponds. Bog gardens are also considered a type of water garden.
These all require special conditions and considerations. A simple water garden may consist solely of a tub containing the water and plant(s). In aquascaping, a garden is created within an aquarium tank. Container gardening is concerned with growing plants in any type of container either indoors or outdoors.
Common containers are pots, hanging baskets, and planters. Container gardening is usually used in atriums and on balconies, patios, and roof tops. H. These shared gardens, typically front or back yards, are usually used to produce food that is divided between the two parties. Organic gardening uses natural, sustainable methods, fertilizers and pesticides to grow non- genetically modified crops. Garden features and accessories. These are used to add decoration or functionality, and may be made from a wide range of materials such as copper, stone, wood, bamboo, stainless steel, clay, stained glass, concrete, or iron. Examples include trellis, arbors, statues, benches, water fountains, urns, bird baths and feeders, and garden lighting such as candle lanterns and oil lamps.
The use of these items can be part of the expression of a gardener's gardening personality. Gardening departments and centers. Many garden centers now include food halls, and sections for clothing, gifts, pets, and power tools. There are also a number of online garden centers that now deliver directly to customers' doors. Small- scale, subsistence agriculture (called hoe- farming) is largely indistinguishable from gardening. A patch of potatoes grown by a Peruvian peasant or an Irish smallholder for personal use could be described as either a garden or a farm.
Gardening for average people evolved as a separate discipline, more concerned with aesthetics and recreation, under the influence of the pleasure gardens of the wealthy. Meanwhile, farming has evolved (in developed countries) in the direction of commercialization, economics of scale, and monocropping.
In respect to its food producing purpose, gardening is distinguished from farming chiefly by scale and intent. Farming occurs on a larger scale, and with the production of salable goods as a major motivation. Gardening is done on a smaller scale, primarily for pleasure and to produce goods for the gardener's own family or community. There is some overlap between the terms, particularly in that some moderate- sized vegetable growing concerns, often called market gardening, can fit in either category. The key distinction between gardening and farming is essentially one of scale; gardening can be a hobby or an income supplement, but farming is generally understood as a full- time or commercial activity, usually involving more land and quite different practices. One distinction is that gardening is labor- intensive and employs very little infrastructural capital, sometimes no more than a few tools, e.
By contrast, larger- scale farming often involves irrigation systems, chemical fertilizers and harvesters or at least ladders, e.